Charging Ahead: Safeguarding property & people in the era of electric vehicles
11/12/2025
Electric vehicles (EVs) are transforming transportation, but they also introduce new safety and infrastructure challenges.
Contrary to popular belief, EVs are not more fire-prone than internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. While EV fires can escalate faster due to battery chemistry, their overall energy release is similar to ICE fires. However, thermal runaway events require specialised firefighting tactics.
A Layered Approach to Protection
Risk engineer Gary Howe recommends a “layers of protection” framework for EV risk management:
• Prevention: Robust inspection, testing, and maintenance of EVs and chargers.
• Detection: Heat and gas detection systems in enclosed car parks.
• Compartmentation: Fire-resistant barriers to contain potential fires.
• Suppression: Sprinklers help control fire spread but cannot extinguish EV battery fires.
• Structural Resistance: Car parks need more than the current 15-minute fire resistance standard.
• Fire & Rescue Access: Emergency plans must include power isolation and clear access routes.
Debunking EV Fire Myths
Media headlines often sensationalise EV fires, but data shows they occur less frequently than ICE fires. Organisations should rely on evidence-based risk assessments rather than social media hype.
Designing Safer EV Infrastructure
Common mistakes include placing chargers near combustible walls or escape routes. Best practices include:
• Position chargers away from flammable surfaces.
• Provide isolation switches for emergency responders.
• Ensure clear signage, lighting, and impact protection.
• Engage competent professionals during planning and installation.
Environmental and Liability Considerations
EV fires can contaminate water systems with toxic runoff. Measures like attenuation tanks and penstock valves help mitigate this risk. Accessibility and safety also matter - charging areas should accommodate all users and prevent trip hazards.
The recording of the webinar is free for you to watch below:
Sprinklers and Water Mist Systems
Sprinklers offer cooling and limit fire spread but cannot penetrate EV battery casings. Water mist systems may provide suppression benefits, but their effectiveness in EV scenarios requires further validation.
Practical Tips for Risk Managers
• Include EVs and chargers in fire risk assessments.
• Inspect chargers and cables regularly.
• Verify compliance with the IET Code of Practice.
• Train staff on EV safety protocols.
• Maintain at least 10 metres of separation from combustible walls.
Planning Ahead Is Key
EVs represent both a challenge and an opportunity. With thoughtful design, competent installation, and a layered protection strategy, organizations can embrace electric mobility while safeguarding people, property, and the environment.
“All of these challenges can be overcome. It’s about planning, design, and joined-up thinking.” — Gary Howe
